The phase shift responses of the CCS to the water holdup variation are collected. An experiment of horizontal oil–water two-phase flows was conducted during which four flow patterns are observed, i.e., stratified flow (ST), stratified wavy flow (SW), dual continuous flow (DC), and dispersed oil-in-water and water flow (DO/W&W). The influence of exciting frequency and sensor geometric parameters on the phase shift output of the CCS is studied to access an optimal phase shift measurement system. The flow impedance of oil–water stratified flow is investigated by establishing an equivalent circuit model and a finite element model. In this paper, a phase shift detection system of flow impedance is designed based on a concave capacitance sensor (CCS).
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